UHPC Earthquake security systems for existing buildings

Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a high-strength, ductile material formulated by combining cement, microsilica, fine sand, water, and steel or ceramic fibers and mesh.

The UHPC concrete provides compressive strengths up to 250 MPa / 36200 psi and flexural strengths up to 30 MPa / 4300 psi.

The ductile behavior of UHPC is, with the capacity to deform and support flexural and tensile loads, even after initial cracking. 

 

Façade elements made by UHPC, protect people and vehicles in an earthquake against fragments litter in building structures made 
of concrete and brickwork.

Concrete ceilings are rigid and brittle structures that at the an earthquake stress the concrete structure can break partially. The fracture is not 
a slow phenomenon under load - the fracture occurs when overloading on suddenly.

The result is that to loosen individual fragments of the ceiling could (fragments litter) fall on machines or people. Are the fragments large enough, it can lead to complete component failure.

UHPC prefabricated ceiling structures prevent like a prestressed network the fragments become loose during the quake from the ceiling.

People and machines are protected by such a suspended ceiling construction.

Emergency exits can win with such additional structure several times of safety.

Just as concrete ceilings and concrete columns are complex constructions an essential safety feature of a quake. The concrete columns must take tremendous 
flexural and compressive forces. A chipping of the concrete structure of the inner steel reinforcement would have a very rapid component failure result.

Concrete columns can by a jacket (by shedding) of UHPC gain much stability and carrying capacity. A chipping of the concrete structure at a load by an earthquake of small and medium thickness is almost impossible with the appropriate cover. 

Advantages of UHPC

• Extreme high compressive strength
• High flexural strength
• Extreme low porosity
• Extreme good flowability
• Fast increase of compressive strength (min. 70% after 48 hours)
• High wear and impact resistance
• Absolute frost and thaw resistance
• Impermeable to fluids but still vapour permeable
• Anticorrosive features
• Good bonding to sub-bases, aggregates and reinforcement
• High temperature resistant
• Jointless lining
• Usable as mortar, grout and spray
• High ductility in combination with fibres or nano fibres
• Usable with standard concrete tools
  
  

UHPC - His entry before and after a quake

UHPC materials can be used as additional safety in new concrete structures such as buildings, bridges, etc. For existing buildings and very old buildings, targeted activities involving the use of UHPC materials can significantly increase the safety of people and buildings. With UHPC materials, damaged buildings can be repaired to restore their old stability or improve their stability against earthquake loads by improving their building structure.

Possible applications for high quality UHPC materials

Repairing

To make existing structures safer for future earthquake

Retrofitting

To upgrade the earthquake resistance up to a level of  the present day codes by appropriate techniques

Strengthening

To upgrade the seismic resistance of the a damage building

Rehabilitation

Reconstruction or renewal of a damaged building to provide the same level of function, which the building had prior to the damage

Restauration

Rehabilitation of buildings in a certain area

Remoulding

Reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing building owning to change of usage or occupancy

Example of retrofitting techniques

• Minor cracks
  Repair by injecting UHPC
• Buckled longitudinal reinforcement, broken ties and crushed concrete
  Replacement of new reinforcement welded with existing bars and new additionally closed ties were placed, UHPC concrete with low shrinkage properties installed.
• Severely damaged columns adjacent to added walls
  Retrofitting with encasing in UHPC concrete with appropriate longitudinal and transfers reinforcement.
• Other columns
  Retrofitted with wire mesh and cover with 50 mm UHPC concrete by spraying or casting
• Existing masonry walls
  Are retrofitting by using wire mesh and 30 mm of UHPC® mortar or spray

Like concrete cover constructions, concrete columns are also essential safety aspect in a quake. The supports have enormous bending and compression forces to take. 
A spalling of the concrete structure from the internal steel reinforcement would have a very fast component failure result.

As with the concrete floors, columns can be replaced by a grouting UHPC gain significantly in stability and carrying capacity. A flaking of the concrete construction is under load from a quake of small and medium strength with 
appropriate sheath almost impossible.

In a quake will be in the brickwork of a building very quickly showing cracks in the in the worst case, individual stones break loose (Rubble throw) or a whole bandage, which too can lead to a component failure. The cracks in the masonry after a quake are permanent and can become one uninhabitability and demolition of 
the building to lead.

Damaged masonry will be repaired differently depending on the degree of damage.

Fine cracks can be filled with UHPC injection methods. Loose masonry, bad mortar can be increased by new masonry and UHPC mortar substantially in the strength and bending tensile strength. Masonry can also be improved in its entire surface with a fibre reinforced UHPC layer in combination with steel or fibreglass reinforcement substantially in its static structure. Especially glass fibre or carbon fibre reinforced 
UHPC show a high ductility.

In any case, should structural modifications such as those described here, be agreed in consultation with 
an architect, stress analysts and the competent local planning authority.

UHPC - Concrete - Steel Dimensional comparison

Measurements on the standard concrete structure are in
centimeters, meters, inches, feet and yards. 

Measurements in steel construction are made in
millimeters, inches, feet and yards.

Measurements in mechanical engineering are
made in millimeters, tenths and hundredths of
a millimeter.

Today UHPC construction and mechanical elements can be manufacture and polished so precisely that they can be measured with a tolerance of tenths or sometimes hundreds of a millimeter.

In the near future we will leave standard concrete behind and
make steel competition in a many industrial application
areas for machinery and construction parts. 

As a construction material, UHPC has an enormous number of advantages when compared to standard steel grades and their often complex processing. UHPC as we understand and produce it can be used as a construction material, sealing material and adhesive of high quality.

.

UHPC Residential house construction and wooden residential house construction in case of a fire

I see the forest fires on the news and mourn the
destruction of nature and houses. We are
repeatedly asked whether it is not possible to
build fireproof houses with our UHPC.

Concrete and UHPC are non-flammable, so
basically you can say yes we can build fire-proof
houses.
Fireproof houses are not the whole solution to
this problem.

But let's start with the houses.

Most houses are made of wood, making them
a feast for any fire. The houses are set up at a
distance from the ground. In the event of a fire,
the fire is happy to attack from anywhere.
The roofs also often have rear ventilation,
which is like a Christmas present for the fire
and life-threatening for the fire brigade. The
roof still looks good, but underneath it is
burning, whoever goes on such a roof is, in
my opinion, tired of life. Of course you have
large glass surfaces or glass doors to the terrace in the living room, which is of course also made of wood, after all you want to enjoy the wonderful panorama. The fire loves such glass fronts, they are like open barn doors to the fire. The same applies of course to the large entrance area with a wonderful large wooden door.

So there is nothing in this type of house construction that can stop a fire. The photos taken after a fire confirm that there is nothing left.
It is possible to construct a house with UHPC, which keeps fire out for an extremely long time.

Houses can be constructed from precast concrete,
which increases quality, reduces assembly time
and reduces the total cost of a house. Compared
to standard concrete, the prefabricated parts can
be made much thinner. UHPC finished parts can
be removed from the mold very quickly. Due to
the thin UHPC panel construction, the elements
are lighter than those made of standard concrete
and can also be transported and installed more
quickly and easily.

It is also possible to mix thermal insulation into the UHPC material, which significantly reduces
the weight of the material construction. UHPC concrete is permanently heat-resistant up to 842°F.
We also produce high temperature resistant UHPC materials that are permanently temperature resistant up to 2192°F.

UHPC materials are naturally resistant to all types of insects and fungi.

Problem spot: Doors
UHPC can be used to produce doors that are similar in weight to wooden doors but are fire-proof and highly burglar-proof. With UHPC, door manufacturers can meet every design requirement in terms of surface structure, color and construction.

Problem spot: Windows, Glass Fassade
We can only help indirectly here. We are currently working with a window manufacturer to produce window frames from UHPC. Because window frames made of plastic or wood are flammable.
We are also currently developing window protection made of UHPC that closes the window in the event of a fire.

Problem spot: Roof

We can easily make a pitched roof or flat roof
from UHPC. A pitched roof can have any
desired surface design and color.

A wonderful fire protection is a flat roof with
greenery. Because of the soil that is required
for planting and which should always be kept
moist as possible, fire does not have the
slightest chance. The same can be done with facade surfaces. Today designers call it horizontal and vertical gardens. In many large cities, high-rise buildings with a green facade are now being built.

So we can easily provide fire-resistant house structures in the shortest possible time in cooperation with a locally available precast concrete plant and a locally available assembly company. Architects and designers have to take care of the development of the construction and the design.

Should the fire brigade use water, this is no
problem for a UHPC construction. Since water
does not penetrate the UHPC construction, the
interior can be cleaned and re-used quickly and
easily. A complete interior renovation as with
wood and plaster constructions is not necessary.

Annotation:
The best fire protection doesn't help if you build
houses right next to trees. When houses are far
from something flammable like trees, the fire has enormous problems jumping over these areas without fire fodder. That is also the reason why firebreaks are laid in forests when there is a fire. Landscape architects can offer many ideas for this.

 

 

WPE DK International

Phone: 0049 176 601 73146
E-mail: info@wpe-dk.dk
Homepage: www.wpe-dk.com

Combination of UHPC and Nanotubes

We are being asked more and more often by
customers in Asia about the use of Nanotubes
in our UHPC products.
It is always the same question, can nanotubes
improve the technical properties of our UHPC
products? 

Our answer to that is:

Yes, Nanotubes with a certain geometry and size
can do that.  

BUT that's like trying to install an additional
carburetor / turbo system in a Bugatti Viron to
get 10% more engine power, with a standard
engine power of over 1000 hp. The Bugatti Viron
is a perfect car system, making it better with a
possible slight increase in performance only rarely
makes sense.

In other words:
A really good UHPC is a perfect, extremely
powerful system, which in today's industry
hardly ever reaches its performance limit.
The UHPC we make is made by creating a
perfect physical packing of specific particles
in order to achieve perfect chemical reactions.

We have been developing and testing the use
of Nanotubes in our UHPC products for more
than two years.
So far, these UHPC special products have only
been used in very special areas of application
that required very special technical solutions
in the areas of mechanics, electrical engineering
and thermal conductivity.
We have been developing and producing UHPC
systems for more than 25 years. We develop
UHPC products for the future. The processing
of Nanotubes and desert sand with our UHPC
products is part of our ideas for the future.

Sustainability and the use of natural materials
such as bamboo or natural fibers is another
development we are taking. The use of sustainable

raw materials in combination with our UHPC
materials, some of which will also be made from
sustainable raw materials in the future, is one of
our goals.

WPE DK International

Phone: 0049 176 601 73146
E-mail: info@wpe-dk.dk
Homepage: www.wpe-dk.com

Sound barrier systems with UHPC and recycling aggregates

Highway noise barrier

There are a variety of sound barrier systems.
Soundproofing systems made of precast concrete
parts is one possibility.

Precast concrete walls are used especially as a
noise barrier on highways and railway tracks.
They can be made in any size and geometry,
adapting perfectly to noise protection and local
conditions.

UHPC Ultra High Performance Concrete
UHPC fiber reinforced concrete has a lot of
advantages compared to standard concretes
that already start with the production.

Recycled asphalt

Due to the extremely high strength values, the
elements can be designed leaner, resulting in
lower material consumption and final price.

Furthermore, UHPC materials reach their strength
in less than 24 hours, enabling them to be removed
from the molds. After less than 48 hours, already
70% of the maximum final strength is achieved.
UHPC is a concrete material with almost no pores.
This makes UHPC extremely corrosion resistant
and resistant to all environmental influences.

Of course, due to its extreme corrosion resistance,
UHPC concrete is ideally suited as a construction
material for soundproof walls that are to be planted.
The root system or frost cannot harm UHPC

Recycled rubber

constructions.
We also have experience of producing of UHPC
lightweight concrete for facade andwall construction.

A regular inspection of UHPC walls is not required.
The expected service life is approx. 100 years.

The future 
Use of all kind of recycling material as an aggregate 
to UHPC Binder
Our goal is to provide our customers with a material
that is not only recyclable but also largely made from
recycled materials such as plastic, rubber, asphalt,
concrete, glas, wall stones, all kind of bricks and
other mixed products. Through this use, the material
costs per ton concrete are drastically reduced. UHPC
is the perfect binder for these aggregates.

A difference in the definition of UHPC is always a difference in quality

The American Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) defines UHPC as follows:

UHPC is a fiber reinforced, portland cement based product. Through the appropriate combination of advantagements in superplasticizers, dry constituent gradiation, fibre reinforcments and supplemental cementitious materials.

UHPC is a cementitious composite material composed of an optimized gradation of granular constituents, a water-to-cementitious materials 
ratio less than 0,20 and a high percentage of discontinuous internal fiber reinforcement.

The mechanical properties of UHPC include  compressive strength greater than 150 MPa and a flexural strength geater than 15 MPa.

We define our UHPC grades as Ultra High Performance Concrete but without steel fiber reinforcement.
For all our UHPC grades, whether cast, mortar or spray, we achieve the technical values without the addition of any fibers.

UHPC is a cementitious composite material composed of an optimized gradation of granular constituents, a water-to-cementitious materials ratio less than 0,20 and no procentage of internal fiber reinforcement.

 

The mechanical properties (without fiber reinforcement) of UHPC include minimum compressive strength of 150 MPa (up to 260 MPa and more) and a minimum tensile strength 15 MPa (up to 30 MPa and more). We achieve 70% of the maximum nominal strengths less than48 hours and not 28 days.

Of course, fibers of all possible qualities and geometries, steel reinforcements and a wide
variety of aggregates can be added to the UHPC concrete. On our website you will find a long list of
these materials that we have been using for over 20 years. But if we want to compare material with
material fairly, we have to compare the base with each other and that means the pure UHPC binder without fibers and reinforcements.

A difference in the definition of UHPC is always a difference in quality.

                     Our HPC and UHPC compressive strength standard

UHPC for fire-safe escape routes and rescue rooms

With UHPC (Ultra High Performance Concrete),
escape routes in hospitals, public buildings, hotels,
shopping mall, restaurants, office towers, stairways,
elevator shafts and production facilities can be
designed safely and fireprotected.

Today escape routes in all areas can be designed
safely and in a modern design with UHPC materials.
Even the interior (fire resitant furniture) in escape
areas can be elegantly and filigree made of UHPC.

Our standard UHPC concretes achieve compressive

strength of up to max. 210 MPa / 30500 psi and a
flexural strength up to max. 27 MPa / 3900 psi. We
produce UHPC materials as mortar, castable and
shotcrete.

The UHPC material grades can easily withstand
continuous temperatures up to 450°C / 842°F without
loss of strength. The high temperature resistant UHPC
can withstand continuous temperatures up to
1200°C / 2190°F with only a very small loss of strength.
Our UHPC materials are extremely temperature shock
resistant and impermeable to water, so that the damage
caused by extinguishing water is very low.

It is also possible for us to combine UHPC materials
with extremely effective thin layer insulating
materials so that even existing concrete or steel
structures are permanently protected against heat and
that at very low wall thicknesses and material weights.

Comparison of UHPC and concrete during processing to precast concrete elements

The first UHPC Ultra High Performance Binder
was developed more than 30 years ago. Since
then they have been continuously developed.
The UHPC binders have been improved or new
ones have been developed and produced in
accordance with the requirements due to their
experience in a wide variety of application areas
and industries worldwide. From the beginning,
our UHPC binders were produced as mortar,
castable and shotcrete.

UHPC castables are inexplicably used to a much
lesser extent in the production of precast concrete
than standard concrete. These UHPC materials
could offer enormous advantages for manufacturing
as well as in the use of precast concrete parts.
Here are some applications and their advantages
compared to standard concrete:

 - Light weight of the UHPC elements. Due to the
    extremely high strength, smaller component cross
    sections can be selected, which leads to lower
    individual weights.
 - More elements can be loaded per truck, which leads

   to fewer loads.
 - Due to the lower individual weights, lower crane
    capacities are required.
 - The raw material requirement is drastically reduced
    due to the smaller component cross-section.
 - UHPC materials develop high strength values ​​in a
    short time. Our UHPC materials reach 70% of their
    nominal strength after 48 hours.
 - Shorter production times per element, higher cycle
    times - higher quantities per unit of time compared
    to standard concrete - lower unit costs.
 - Shorter delivery times.

UHPC binders are based on nanotechnology and 
are extremely fine.
Advantage:
It is possible to produce much more precise shapes.
Joints, edges do not require reworking. The more
precise the mold, the more precise the UHPC
element.
UHPC concretes do not form pores and are usually
self-compacting. This means that surface structures
can be achieved that cannot be achieved with standard concrete.

UHPC concrete is extremely resistant to most 
environmental influences
Advantage:
UHPC concretes are extremely resistant to
corrosion, de-icing salt and frost, which leads to a
much longer life expectancy than standard concrete
UHPC many times exceeds concrete, marble,
limestone, sandstone and many other natural stones.


www.hhbc-consulting.de
info@hhbc-consulting.de

Precast elements and Tilt-up manufacturing with HPC and UHPC concrete

HPC and UHPC concrete are very suitable for processing on the construction site in the Tilt-up system or in precast concrete plant. Residential housing and industrial buildings of all sizes can be manufactured using these two systems.

HPC and UHPC concrete has a long list of advantages over standard concrete

- High tensile strength- Extremely high compressive strength
- Very fast strength development
- UHPC elements have a very high production accuracy. If the mold is   exact, the element is exact.
- High chemical resistant
- Absolute corrosion resistant
- Even small layers already lead to an absolute waterproofness.

- Customer requirements such as burglary resistant, fire resistant, storm resistant and acoustic properties as well as noise reduction can be easily met.
- Combinations with a high-performance insulation layer reduce energy costs by several times compared to wooden houses or brick houses.
- The required wall thicknesses are only a fraction of comparable housing designs.

Tilt-up elements
Tilt-up elements are manufactured using locally produced molds and concrete in a wide variety
of HPC and UHPC concretes produced by us achieve 70% of their nominal strength in just 48 hours, the average nominal strength of our UHPC concretes is 140 MPa / 20000 psi.

Due to the compessive and flexuaral strength, it is possible to work with considerably smaller wall thicknesses, which leads to substantial material reductions and costs.
The extremely fast development of strength leads to faster assembly, the overall completion time is significantly reduced, which can also lead to cost reduction.

Precast elements
Prefabricated systems have been used in Europe for more than 50 years. There is a huge amount of standard residential house design variations from small houses, garages, workshops to entire building

complexes. Architects design exceptional prefabricated houses according to customer requirements. The elements are already manufactured and prepared weeks in advance in a precast plant, so that only a few days are needed on the construction site for a complete completion.
The advantage is the very small footprint on site.
The elements come with trucks in the correct assembly order on the construction site. A crane positions the elements and very few fitters are needed for assembly. It can be installed all year round, regardless of the weather contitions.

UHPC 3D printing

It is interesting to see today what printing results universities and printer manufacturers achieve.

The results are an interplay between printer technology and material technology. In my opinion today, very good results are achieved in the design areas with the printers, but many problems still have to be solved in professional architectural building construction.

There are

Compressive strength

The standard concrete reaches its maximum compressive strength after 28 days. For the printing technology unacceptable, here must be helped with accelerator. Printing speed and strength development must be matched and optimized without loss of strength.
UHPC Ultra High Performance Concrete can be a solution. Strengths of over 200 MPa can be achieved here. Already during the UHPC binder production, we can adjust the strength development, as well as the flow characteristic. The addition of commercially available additives is no longer necessary.

Print speed

Of course you want an optimum speed, you want to process a large amount / weight of concrete in a very short time. The concrete should be able to support itself after a very short time and be load-bearing for ceiling elements.
With UHPC materials, large amounts of material are already processed in a short time using the wet and dry spraying process. The consistency of the UHPC print material can be adapted to the printer characteristic. UHPC materials already develop high strength values in short time in the standard qualities. However, this time can be extremely reduced by changing material production.

Statics

The print heads are usually small in diameter and the applied wall thicknesses compared to a masonry or a finished concrete wall are very thin. Static load-bearing walls can be printed for several floors, or double-skin walls must be printed in order to achieve a structurally stable construction. Do I have to print double-shelled?

Heat / cold insulation

If I print with a standard concrete I do not achieve any insulating properties. So I have to print double-shelled and fill the cavity with insulation material or retrofit an insulating layer from the inside.
At the moment we are the only ones who are able to combine a high pressure resistant material with an insulating material. This combination material is also pumpable.

Steel girders, reinforcements

Even with 3D printing, you can not ignore reinforcements and support structures, or you can remain eternally restricted to small, simple and low-rise building constructions. How can I optimally combine carrier structures, steel reinforcements with a single printing process?

Last but not least interesting design

So far I have seen the obligatory pressure bulges on all prints. For the beginning, this may be fine but soon you should have printing technologies that ensures a sharp-edged pressure even on the wall corners. A rework of the walls in the flat areas to get is cost and time consuming. Of course, when I use the printing technology, I also want to print exceptional geometry and thin-walled constructions.

I have a note at the end

If all my misgivings can be wiped out the question remains if I want to print a large building, I need a fairly large printer technology which is not even built and dismantled and I need a very fast continuous flow of material to the printer when the printer should work quickly.

I do not want to know misunderstood. I think 3D printer technology is very interesting for the future and I know that some engineering companies are working on technical solutions. As part of our material development, we also work on a flexible, extreme fast-curing, high-compressive strength material for the printer producer. In close technical agreement with the respective printer manufacturer, we can adapt our UHPC materials to the requirements and provide test material to the printer manufacturer.

UHPC concrete for precast production

UHPC concrete has many commercial as well as technical

advantages over standard concrete for the production of 

precast concrete elements.

More and more architects are specifying UHPC concrete 

as a standard material for their façade design. There are 

no design limits for façade constructions.
In recent years, we have developed UHPC binder systems 

that can be processed into lightweight concretes or 

insulating concretes, especially for façade construction.

- We produce UHPC materials with a strength of

   40 MPa to 240 MPa.
- Our UHPC materials reach 70% of their maximum

   nominal strength within 48 hours. Faster strength

   developments are possible on customer request.
- We only need sand, not gravel, to process UHPC

   concrete.
- With our UHPC Desert Sand Binder, desert sand

   can also be processed without any problems.
- All of our UHPC materials are self-compacting

   and need no or very little vibration.
- Our UHPC materials have extremely little to no pore

   development.
- The nanotechnology development of our UHPC

   binders enables extremely fine surface structures to

   be created.
- With the use of fibre reinforcement it is possible

   to create very thin structures of high strength.

- For prestressed elements, the pre-tensioning force
   of UHPC material can be chosen to be much higher
   due to their very high strength than standard concrete.

- Very good flow properties for casting complicated

   geometry and filigree surface structures.

Processing of UHPC binders
Only a shaft or pan pot mixer is required for

processing.
The UHPC binder is mixed with sand or desert

sand and a very small amount of water.
It is not necessary to add additives.

Applications

• Double walls 
• Pre stressed elements 
• Tubes
• Bridgedeck elements
• Stairs
• Piles
• Supports
• Tunnel segments
  
• Facade elements
  
• Balconies
• Sea defence units
  
• Floor tiles in large geometries                
  
• Security
  
• Vertical garden (facade) elements
• Sewage pipes and box culverts
• Floating elements
  

Repair and new construction of concrete structures at coastal areas with UHPC

The splash zone is without doubt one of the more 

aggressive environment for wood, concrete and/or 

steel. Here you have the movement of the water 
inducing wear on the structures, high level of 

oxygen inducing a perfect corrosive environment. 

In salt water chlorides are present all over but 

combined with good access of oxygen this zone is 
where the problem is.
 In icy regions ice sliding by 

a structure will tear and wear the structure. 

UHPC Ultra High Performance Concrete is here 

an ideal construction material or protection layer.

Sea level rise
It is likely to lead to greater flooding, 
salinisation and erosion in coastal areas, 
affecting millions of people worldwide and 
costing billions of dollars of damage.
Today, a lot of big cities are right on the 
coast or at estuaries. Changes in sea level 
or in severe storms or torrential floods 
directly hit these cities. Most cities have
not yet realized this danger and have not 
yet taken any protective measures. Such 
safeguards include raising defenses, 
implementing flood storage and construction 
of new river barrier systems.

Many important industries are located 
particularly in Asia directly on the coast. 
Without future active coastal protection, 
this industry will be a major problem for the 
respective country.

Prefabricated concrete elements made of 
special UHPC concrete are ideal for effective, 
long-lasting coastal protection.
The elements can be made slim and light due 
to the enormous strength. They are easy to 
transport and assemble. They are extremely 
corrosion resistant and virtually repair-free. 
The expected lifetime far exceeds that of 
standard concrete elements.

Areas of application are

• Marine structures
• Coastal protection
• Quay construction
• Weir, dock and wharf construction
• Jetty construction

In many coastal industries seawater is used for 
process cooling. In steel or concrete pipes, the 
water is pumped directly from the sea into the 
corresponding production.

To ensure the necessary process cooling 
permanently, it is extremely important that the 
water supply is always constant. A reduction 
by the flow rate, for example, a reduction in the 
conveying cross section of the pipeline can 
result in the worst case to a stop in the production 
or cause damage to the system due to overheating.

In most cases, standard concrete qualities is used 
in the manufacture of concrete pipes.

These tubes have a rough and porous surface. 
Shells of all kinds can be very firmly and 
permanently anchor on the basis of porosity in the 
concrete structure. Especially pipes in cooling 
water or cooling water channels must regularly 
notify the mussel case be removed.

In the removal the firmly anchored mussel beds a 
part of the concrete surface is also always removed, 
which can cause the concrete reinforcement may 
corrode. The result is a time consuming and costly 
repairs to the existing concrete structure.

UHPC concrete has a compared to standard concrete 
extremely low porosity and a very high wear resistance. 
These characteristics make it is not possible to 
permanently anchor the shells in concrete. Removal of 
the mussel beds is quick and does not damage the 
concrete surface.

Standard concretes can effectively protected with a 
10 - 20 mm UHPC layer for a very long time.


www.hhbc-consulting.de
info@hhbc-consulting.de